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RFID is the recognized acronym for Radio Frequency IDentification. The basis of RFID technology is that every RFID chip or tag is capable of emitting a radio signal on a frequency wholly unique to itself.

Therefore, every RFID tag must have its own identifying frequency and the RFID tag readers have be sensitive enough to be able to differentiate between frequencies that are only a very tiny bit different from its neighbouring tags. The difference can be infinitesimal.

Therefore, the technology needs to be sensitive and discriminating, but not fragile, because the equipment has to be used on the shop floor and by people who are often in a hurry and in weather that may be inclement.

In order for RFID to have the desired result, you have to have a tag, which is an upmarket kind of bar code and a radio receiver, often called a (tag) reader. However, whereas a bar code can only hold a small quantity of information and the bar code reader has to be pointed at it, an RFID tag can hold much more information and can be read from a hundred yards or more – even out of line of sight.

Passive tags will only reveal their details when asked to by a reader, whereas an active tag is continuously relaying its information. Clearly, active RFID tags are more costly than passive tags, because they have to have a long life battery.

These tags can be utilized to track goods from the moment they leave the manufacturer of the items they describe to the in-bay of the vendor. The tags can then be up-dated or renewed and put in the warehouse. Once there, RFID readers can keep management up to date about what goods are where and if the sell-by-date is approaching.

This has ramifications for the levels of stock that a business needs to hold, the amount of goods sold cheap because the sell-by-date is too near and for theft, all of which should boost company profits more than funding the cost of the tags, the readers, the printers and the programmes.

At the click of a mouse, managers will be able to read how much inventory they have in real time and if this is all linked to the checkout cash registers, which are the most and least profitable items. This makes reordering easy . Easy to the point of automation. For instance, when stocks of the top ten percent of the best selling items falls below 1,000 order 10,000 more. Automatically, no questions asked.

RFID has many other uses as well. The ideas outlined above can be applied to farm animals, a call centre’s computers, a fleet of commercial vehicles, an inventory of domestic items, your pets, your car and even your garden furniture. Some individuals who work over a boundary are even having them placed under their skin so that they do not have to wait at customs.

And do not forget that criminals on early discharge are also tagged. It is the same technology.

Owen Jones, the writer of this article writes on quite a few topics, but is now concerned with the RFID asset management. If you would like to know more, please go to our website at Active RFID Management.

categories: rfid,shopping,products,food,stock,animals,pets,technology,equipment,computer,gps,hardware,software,other

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Maps are fundamentally defective. By the time the surveyors have finished and the data that they have collected has been mapped out and the printers have published the map and sent it to the distributors and they have sold it to the shops and you have made up your mind to buy one, it is out of date. Occasionally years out of date

Another problem is that it is impossible to read a map and drive safely at the same time. You cannot read a map and look out of the windshield at the same time. So, you either need a passenger who can read a map, or you have to stop repeatedly and memorize a small part of the map. That is all right, travellers did it that way for a hundred years or more, but now there is a better way.

GPS satellite navigation systems have been around for a long time. At first they were only utilized by aircraft and ocean liners. As the price fell, yachting people could afford them; later still long distance lorries had them, then very expensive cars and now virtually all cars.

Despite the odd story of someone driving into a river in the dark, because the driver trusted the sat nav and the sat nav did not know that the bridge had been removed, the auto navigation system has been a resounding success.

I am certain that family Sunday outings are far happier now that the spouse does not have to do the map-reading; lone travellers do not have to stop to get their bearings and lone female drivers are safer because they do not have to stop to ask their way.

Being lost at night or having broken down in the countryside or even taking a wrong turn into a violent district of town is terrifying. Even if you have your cell phone to call the breakdown service, you have to know where you are and if you are in a rough district of town by mistake, you do not want to stop to ask the way and you certainly do not want to go further off the beaten track.

Then there are the detours that we want or have to make because of natural catastrophes, break-downs, traffic jams and roadworks teams. Sometimes you will get advanced warning on the local radio of trouble spots up ahead, but if you do not know the area, there is not much you can do about it. Unless you have an auto navigation system.

I know many people who do not use their auto navigation system every time they get into their car and that is how it should be for those people, but it is like insurance, it is nice to have it when you require it.

No-one needs an auto navigation system to go to the neighbourhood shop, but it is really nice to take the scenic route the next time you go out of town to visit a relative. Perhaps you always take the same route when you visit your Aunty Lil, but with an auto navigation system you can vary your journey to pass local attractions.

Owen Jones, the author of this article writes on various topics, but is currently involved with the fleet management tracking system. If you would like to know more, please go to our website at Laser Temperature Gun.

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Amazon has been an important, quite possibly the most important, player in the development of digital publishing using both their Kindle reader family and their huge library of Kindle books as development and marketing tools. November 2007 saw the launch of the original Kindle. Amazon followed up with the upgraded Kindle 2.0 in February of 2009, and the large display Kindle DX model launched in the summer of 2009.

The Kindle readers dominated the market and took a 60% share of all e-book reader sales in the USA. The Sony reader, which was actually launched in 2006 before the Kindle, followed in second place with a share of around 35%. Other companies saw the potential of the e-book reader market and launched or updated their own readers to get a slice of the pie.

Companies such as Sony, Barnes and Noble, Bookeen, Plastic Logic and iRex did their best to get their share of the new and fast developing e-book market, but the Kindle’s dominance looked to be pretty much unassailable. It wasn’t until the launch of the Apple iPad that the Kindle had any credible competition – even although the two devices were very different and would appeal, you would imagine, to different audiences.

Nevertheless, since the release of the iPad, e-book reader prices have pretty much gone into free fall. The Kindle 2.0, which retailed for $ 359 at its February 2009 launch is now priced at just $ 189. The Kindle DX, which has just had a mini makeover and now sports a new higher contrast screen, has had its price slashed from $ 489 to $ 379. Still a pricey piece of kit, but a lot cheaper than before and also way cheaper than even the entry level iPad (which also has a monthly connection fee associated with it). The price of the Barnes and Noble Nook reader has also dropped to just $ 199.

Although the iPad seems to have provoked a round of price cuts among the manufacturers of e-books, the same cannot be said about the price of the e-books to read on these devices. Prior to the launch of the iPad, Apple had negotiated a deal with the major publishing houses which let them set the price of their e-book editions at pretty much whatever they wanted – as long as they did not allow the same e-book to be offered cheaper on any other platform. This was seen as good news by the publishers, who had been unhappy with Amazon’s policy of selling all e-books for $ 9.99 or less.

Amazon had to back down from this – but it’s not necessarily a bad thing for them, or Barnes and Noble for that matter. Amazon has always appeared to be more interested in selling books – and e-books – rather than hardware. That’s the only possible explanation for the fact that they have made it possible to read Kindle books on so many different devices. At the moment, you can read Kindle books on the PC, the Mac, your Blackberry, the iPod Touch, the iPad and any mobile device running Android. So companies like Barnes and Noble, Amazon and now Apple, who have a stake in the future sale of e-books over the life of a reader, can afford to sell the hardware cheaper and profit over the life of the device.

Companies which sell books and hardware may have a distinct advantage over hardware manufacturers in the near future. Looking at the huge number of different devices (outlets) that Kindle books can be read on, it seems likely that Amazon are going to have a big say in the future development of digital publishing going forward.

Discover the Amazon Kindle for yourself and view the wide range of Kindle accessories available to help you customise your reader.

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The large majority of households will be fed with a domestic water supply which is defined as “hard water”. This is just a definition which is applied to signify water which has a fairly high concentration of minerals in it. Magnesium and calcium are the two most important minerals. According to the World Health Organisation, there are no health problems associated with hard water supplies – but it can affect the effective operation and lifespan of a variety of different domestic appliances.

As a consequence of hard water, mineral deposits can be laid down in water pipes and a range of household appliances. Household appliances which use hot or boiling water are especially at risk as heating the water frees the minerals it contains which then solidify as “scale”. Coffee makers, kettles, steam irons, dishwashers and washing machines are all prone to this effect – as are household central heating systems and boilers.

There are a number of different variables which influence how much scale is generated. The temperature of the water is one of the strongest influencing factors on this process. More scale is produced at higher temperatures. Running dishwashers and washing machines at a lower temperature setting will reduce the amount of scale produced and help to ensure that these appliances continue to operate efficiently and have an extended working life. Using soaps and detergents which have an anti-scaling agent included will also help.

With appliances such as kettles, coffee makers and steam irons, it’s not really practical to operate at lower temperatures. However, some kettles include filters – which can help to prevent various minerals getting into the sensitive heater elements. Many modern irons now come complete with removable anti-scale traps which gather the scale deposits for easy cleaning just by flushing it under running water. It’s also possible to get a variety of anti-scale chemicals and cleaners which can be used to clean your appliances periodically.

Whilst there is no danger to health as a result of hard water, some people may dislike the taste it results in for either hot drinks or boiled and steamed food. On the other hand, there are those who swear that hard water makes better tasting tea than soft water. It’s a matter of personal taste at the end of the day. If the flavour of your food and drinks isn’t satisfactory, you can always use a water filter. These range from very cheap (but effective) jug filters, to under sink or even whole house filters. These are cheaper than you may think and are really quite simple to install.

It may seem like an inconvenience, but it’s well worth the effort to counter the effects of a hard water supply. In addition to the improved operational efficiency of your domestic appliances, use of the correct detergents and the selection of a lower operating temperature, combined with scale removal from time to time, will save you money by extending the life of your appliances.

Don’t waste hours on a dull chore like ironing. Cut your time in half with a Tefal steam generator iron – you’ll wonder how you ever got by without one.

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Have you ever wondered about hybrid cars? They certainly look stylish and modern, but what is it about them that makes them so different and so special? After all, most cars look the same these days, do they not? They are all designed by computer to be aerodynamic and aerodynamic is aerodynamic, so they all end up looking indistinguishable to anyone who is not an aficionado.

Well, the fact is that the distinction between a hybrid car and a normal car lies under the bonnet. There are various types of hybrid vehicles as well, but the most widespread kind has a hybrid electric engine. Therefore, you could say that what makes hybrid cars different from most other, ordinary cars is their engine.

Or engines really, because hybrid electric cars essentially have two engines. One, the internal combustion engine, runs on petrol, LPG or diesel and the other, the electric motor, runs off electricity stored in an array of heavy-duty batteries. On the other hand, ordinary cars only have an internal combustion engine. It is a good idea to examine these two types of engine separately.

First of all the electric motor. Electrical energy is created by various components on the car and stored in a large bank or array of high-capacity batteries. The electricity is generated by the turning of the internal combustion engine, just as with a normal car, when it is in use, but also by the wheels or / and the car’s braking system. Different models have different ways of generating this electricity, but they are all very hi-tech and very effective.

When the car’s internal computers decide that the car no longer needs the strength of the internal combustion engine, it will turn it off and switch to the electric motor instead. The conditions where this might happen are, for example, when you are driving slowly in inner-city traffic, when you are cruising at moderate speed on a flat road or when you are going down hill. This saves a considerable amount of fuel, which is clearly a great saving to you.

However, there are times when you need more power than the batteries can give you, for instance, when accelerating hard, when overtaking or when climbing a hill. At times such as these, the electric motor will close down and the combustion engine will take over and start supplying power to the accelerator and electricity to the batteries. When the need for extra power has ceased, the batteries will take over again.

These choices are all taken by the hybrid electric vehicle’s (HEV’s) on board computer system and you will not be aware of much other that a rush of power or a quietening of the propulsion system. This works very well in most cases, but some drivers of HEV’s would like to have a manual override for abnormal circumstances, such as an undulating landscape.

All in all, cars with hybrid electric engines work very well at reducing fuel bills but they are still too dear to be much more than a gimmicky toy and a salve to the conscience for the rich.

Owen Jones, the author of this piece writes on many subjects, but is at present involved with hybrid electric engines. If you would like to know more or check out some great offers, please go to our website at New Hybrid Vehicles.

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